What is the function of a vacuum breaker?

The function of a vacuum breaker is specifically to prevent back-siphonage, which occurs when a drop in pressure allows contaminated water to be drawn back into the clean water supply. This device is crucial in protecting potable water systems from contamination that can occur due to pressure variations, such as those seen in irrigation systems or during events like main breaks. By creating an air gap that breaks the siphon effect, vacuum breakers ensure that water flows in one direction—from the supply to the usage point—thus safeguarding the hygiene and integrity of the water supply. This protective measure is particularly important in applications where cross-connections might occur, making it essential for maintaining public health standards.